Overweight and obesity have increased globally. In 2022, an estimated 2.5 billion adults aged 18 years and older were overweight or obese. This corresponds to 43 % of adults aged 18 years and older being overweight or obese. This is a substantial increase from 1990, when 25 % of adults aged 18 years and older […]
Continue Reading... No Comments.Obesity can no longer be regarded as a condition caused simply by an imbalance between energy in and energy out and, by implication, something that can be managed by mere willpower. Clinical practice guidelines all over the world now acknowledge that obesity is a chronic disease, much like type 2 diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidaemia are […]
Continue Reading... No Comments.High blood pressure is the most common cardiovascular disorder in the world and a major risk factor for heart attack, stroke and chronic kidney disease. It is often called the ‘silent killer’ because it usually causes no symptoms. In fact, 44 % of adults with high blood pressure are not aware that they have the […]
Continue Reading... No Comments.Hypertension is the most prevalent cardiovascular disorder in the world, yet most patients with hypertension do not have their blood pressure under control. This module on hypertension is important as it outlines the current approach to the diagnosis and management of hypertension in the context of various diverging regional and international hypertension management guidelines. The […]
Continue Reading... No Comments.Most people will have experienced a headache at some stage in their life and up to one adult in 20 experiences frequent headaches (a headache every day or nearly every day). Although headaches are rarely caused by a serious condition, they can significantly interfere with the ability to work and perform daily tasks. When headaches […]
Continue Reading... No Comments.Headache is one of the most common medical complaints. Nearly everyone will have a headache from time to time. Although most headaches are not caused by life-threatening illnesses, headaches are painful and cause personal suffering. When headaches occur often, they can affect family life, social life and employment. Despite this, many people – including many […]
Continue Reading... No Comments.According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), sexually transmitted infections (STIs) continue to affect millions of people worldwide. It is estimated that over 376 million men and women aged 15–49 years are infected with one of the four common STIs—chlamydia, gonorrhoea, syphilis, or trichomoniasis. This translates to an average of more than one million new […]
Continue Reading... No Comments.A sexually transmitted infection (STI) is an infection transmitted through blood, semen, vaginal fluids, or other bodily fluids during sexual contact (oral, anal, or genital) with an infected partner. STIs can affect anyone who is sexually active. STIs are therefore common, affecting millions of people worldwide. On average, there are more than one million new […]
Continue Reading... No Comments.MODULE 2 Colds and flu have similar symptoms, and it can sometimes be difficult to tell the difference between them based on symptoms alone. In general, symptoms of the common cold are milder than symptoms of flu and people with colds are more likely to have symptoms of a blocked or runny nose, while people […]
Continue Reading... No Comments.MODULE 2, 2025 The number of people living with asthma is increasing in many countries, including South Africa. According to the 2022 Global Asthma Report, South Africa remains one of the countries with the highest prevalence of childhood asthma in Africa. Surveys indicate that most people with asthma, even those in developed countries and despite […]
Continue Reading... No Comments.